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Seneca Gardens is a suburb of Louisville, Kentucky, United States. It forms part of the Louisville Metro government but is separately incorporated as a 6th-class city.〔 With the single exception of the Keneseth Israel Synagogue, all buildings within city limits are residential.〔 The population was 699 during the year 2000 U.S. Census. ==History== The site of the present city was originally part of Farmington, the 1810 estate of the Hon. John Speed and his second wife Lucy Gilmer Fry. Abraham Lincoln was a friend of the judge's son Joshua and spent three weeks at Farmington in 1841 while courting Mary Todd of Lexington. Lincoln would later name Joshua his attorney general during his second administration.〔 The Speeds sold off sections of their estate. Most of the present area of Seneca Gardens was purchased from the family in 1825 and 1846 by the German gardener Jacob Wetstein. He established the Methodist Westein Community Church on the corner of his property facing Taylorsville Road and local legend credited him with participating in the Underground Railroad. Wetstein's granddaughter's husband Edward F. Weigel, president of the Wetstein Land Company, mortgaged the estate to participate in the development of Broadmeade.〔 The remainder of the community was purchased from the Speeds by another German immigrant, Paul Discher, who was listed in the 1871 Louisville Directory as a "huckster".〔''Louisville Directory''. 1871. Op. cit. City of Seneca Gardens. "Seneca Gardens History". Accessed 8 October 2013.〕 His descendants established the Discher Land Company and participated with Weigel in the development of Broadmeade and the present community of Seneca Gardens in 1922.〔City of Seneca Gardens. (Official site ). Accessed 8 October 2013.〕 Owing to Weigel's mortgages, however, the 1929 Stock Market Crash ruined him and his share of the land fell to his creditors.〔 The Fidelity and Columbia Trust Company, which had constructed and maintained the roads and lighting system free of charge as part of its investment in the community, continued to so until 1939, when it liquidated its interests in the community. Louisville had just commissioned a study suggesting that all-residential communities such as Seneca Gardens cost more in services than they provided in revenue, and Mayor Scholtz declined to annex the community. Instead, they petitioned the Jefferson Circuit Court (action #261,927) to incorporate the community on September 26 and met to form the first government on October 2.〔 (The Commonwealth of Kentucky's Land Office records the city as being incorporated in 1941.〔) The first city budget called for $1,600 in expenditures, requiring a property tax of 25¢ per $100 of assessed value.〔 Owing to the growing conflict in Europe, the U.S. Army established a large base at Bowman Field in 1940. Studies undertaken during its construction led the U.S. Surgeon General's office to contact the City Board of Trustees to complain about the community's sewage. At the time, the houses used separate septic tanks, but their functioning was greatly impaired by the area's exposed and porous limestone. Sewage was draining into the city's streams and ditches and running into Beargrass Creek, affecting the new army base. Preparations for the construction of a unified sewer were suspended by the entrance of the United States into World War II in late 1941, bringing in wartime rationing of men and materiel.〔 The city annexed some neighboring lots between Trevilian and Taylorsville roads and the area around Valletta in 1941. In 1943, some lots on the eastern side of Carolina Avenue, found to be half within Seneca Gardens and half within Louisville, opted to remove themselves to the latter by a vote of 23–3. The same year, the U.S. Army advised the city trustees that rationing no longer prevented construction of an improved sewer system and locals approved a bond issue.〔 Louisville attempted to use the issue to demand annexation of the city, but a referendum in November 1944 clearly opposed that. The referendum was legally voided on technical grounds, but Louisville accepted the annexation would not occur. It permitted Seneca Gardens to connect to its system, but set a price that city trustees found excessive. It wasn't until 1946 that a price was agreed upon and a second set of bonds issued to cover the expense and construction costs.〔 The same year, Cardinal Hill and two lots facing Seneca Park Road south of Trevilian were annexed.〔 This left Seneca Gardens entirely surrounded as an enclave within Louisville after 1948,〔 although the borders were not completely finalized until the 1950 annexation of the original Wetstein home and some lots along Valletta, including the Keneseth Israel Synagogue.〔 The municipal government has employed a City Arborist since 1990, who oversees tree planting and helps residents obtain trees at reduced prices.〔City of Seneca Gardens. "(Seneca Gardens History )". Accessed 8 October 2013.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Seneca Gardens, Kentucky」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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